Course Objectives:
Upon successful completion of this course, the delegates will be able to:
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Apply proper techniques in power systems protection and relaying
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Identify various faults and their effects including the effect of faults on equipment
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Recognize the implications of various system grounding techniques on system performance
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Explain protection devices and technology including history, construction and principles of protection relays
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Discuss instrument transformers including current and voltage transformers as well as types, construction, performance, specification and applications
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Review tripping devices of circuit breakers and illustrate the mechanism of electric arc breakdown
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Explain the principles & calculation of settings for grading and protection coordination & cite practical examples
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Analyze overhead lines protection including the common types of faults and causes
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Implement the proper procedure for transformer protection related to restricted Buchholz relay, overpressure, oil and winding temperature
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Apply the proper procedure for motor protection by analyzing motor data requirements as well as identifying various electrical and mechanical faults
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List the various generator data requirements, types of faults, excitation fault protection and mechanical fault protection
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Identify miscellaneous protection including voltage and frequency protections, bus bar protection and circuit breaker failure protection
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Who Should Attend?
This course is intended for electrical engineers, managers, supervisors, foremen and other technical staff involved in power systems protection and relaying.
Course Outline:
DAY 1:
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Basic Concepts
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Introduction to the Topic
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Main Electric Parameters and Laws
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Standards and Regulations
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Standard Voltages
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Faults & Their Effects
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Types of Faults and Causes
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Lightning, Switching Overvoltage and Use of Surge Arresters
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Safety, Safety Distances and the Dangers of Faults
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Short-circuit Faults (Phase and Earth Faults)
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The Effect of Faults On Equipment (Thermal and Electromechanical Stress)
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Short-circuit Calculations
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Examples and Exercises
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Solid, Impedance and Ungrounded Systems
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The Implications of Various Grounding Techniques on System Performance
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System Grounding
DAY 2:
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System Grounding (cont’d)
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Earth Grid and Calculations
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Touch and Step Potentials
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Examples and Exercises
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Protection Devices and Technology
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Introduction to Protection
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Protection Relays (History; Construction and Principles of Operation; Modern Technology)
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Classification of Protection Relays and Codes
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Main Protection and Back-up Protection
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Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED’s)
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Fuses (Characteristics, Applications and Special Cares)
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Examples and Exercises
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Current & Voltage Transformers
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Types, Construction, Performance, Specification and Applications
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Magnetisation Curve and Characteristics (Ratio, Accuracy and Burden Power)
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Testing
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Examples
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The Mechanism of Electric Arc Breakdown
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Types of Circuit Breakers and Applications (LV, MV and HV)
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Main Characteristics
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Operating Mechanism, Tripping Circuits and Control Systems
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Examples
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Instrument Transformers
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Tripping Devices – Circuit Breakers
DAY 3:
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Grading & Protection Co-ordination
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Principles
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Analysis in HV, MV and LV Networks (Transmission and Distribution Networks; Users’ Networks)
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Calculation of Settings
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LV Approach (Typical Time-Current Curves and Selectivity of LV Circuit Breakers)
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Practical Examples
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Overhead Lines Protection
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Analysis in HV, MV and LV Networks (Transmission and Distribution Networks) – Common Types of Faults and Causes
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Distance Protection (Principle and Application)
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Line Differential Protection (Principle and Application)
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Overcurrent Protection
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Temporary Faults and Auto-Reclosing
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Practical Examples
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Common Types of Faults and Causes
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Differential Protection
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Overcurrent Protection (Thermal and Short-circuit)
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Basic Theory of Transformers
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Types of Transformers and Applications
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Cable Protection
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Transformer Protection
DAY 4:
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Transformer Protection (cont´d)
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Main Electric Characteristics and Vector Group
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Built-on Protections (Buchholz Relay, Overpressure, Oil and Winding Temperature)
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Transformer Differential Protection (Principle and Application)
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Overcurrent Protection
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Practical Examples
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Motor Protection
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Motor Data Requirements
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Common Types of Faults (Electrical and Mechanical)
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Motor Controllers and Starters
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Overcurrent (Phase-to Earth and Phase-to-Phase Short-circuit) and Thermal Overload Protection
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Negative Phase Sequence, Phase Unbalance and Phase Reversal Protections
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Bearing Temperature, Winding Temperature, Vibration and Blocked Rotor Protections
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Practical Examples and Exercises
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Generator Data Requirements and Basic Theory
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Common Types of Faults (Electrical and Mechanical)
DAY 5:
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Protection (cont’d)
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Rotor and Stator Electric Faults Protection
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Excitation Fault Protection
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Voltage and Power (Reverse Power) Protections
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Overfrequency and Overspeed Protections
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Mechanical Faults Protection
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Practical Examples and Exercises
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Miscellaneous Protections
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Voltage and Frequency Protections
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Bus Bar Protection
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Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
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Scheme Design
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SAT and FAT
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Commissioning
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Maintenance and Testing
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Protection Relay Management
Course Methodology:
A variety of methodologies will be used during the course that includes:
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(30%) Based on Case Studies
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(30%) Techniques
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(30%) Role Play
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(10%) Concepts
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Pre-test and Post-test
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Variety of Learning Methods
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Lectures
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Case Studies and Self Questionaires
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Group Work
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Discussion
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Presentation
Course Fees:
This rate includes participant’s manual, Hand-Outs, buffet lunch, coffee/tea on arrival, morning & afternoon of each day.
Course Timings:
Daily Course Timings:
08:00 - 08:20 Morning Coffee / Tea
08:20 - 10:00 First Session
10:00 - 10:20 Coffee / Tea / Snacks
10:20 - 12:20 Second Session
12:20 - 13:30 Lunch Break & Prayer Break
13:30 - 15:00 Last Session